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Dr Harsh Shah - GI & HPB Oncosurgeon in Ahmeadbad
Dr Harsh Shah - GI & HPB Oncosurgeon in Ahmeadbad

Dr Harsh Shah

Simple Lifestyle Changes to Reduce Your Risk of Colon Cancer

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Making small adjustments to your daily habits can protect you from colon cancer. A new review shows that a healthy diet and lifestyle are key. Eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while cutting down on red and processed meats, helps lower your risk. Staying active, avoiding tobacco, and drinking less alcohol also make a big difference.

The research highlights that following trusted diet guidelines, like those from the World Cancer Research Fund, offers the best protection. These guidelines focus on plant-based foods and maintaining a healthy weight. Regular exercise and avoiding harmful habits like smoking further reduce the chance of developing colon cancer.

Even small steps can lead to big health improvements. Try adding more vegetables to your meals, walking more often, or swapping sugary snacks for fruits. These changes not only protect against cancer but also help you feel better overall.

Start today—your body will thank you!

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.01.014

BMI Calculator | Check Your Body Mass Index Instant

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BMI Calculator with Gauge Chart

BMI Calculator


Switch to Centimeters

Your BMI is:

--
Health Advice
BMI Weight Ranges
Less than 18.5 = Underweight
Between 18.5 - 24.9 = Healthy Weight (Normal)
Between 25 - 29.9 = Overweight
Over 30 = Obese

BMI Calculator | Body Mass Index

Want to know more about your body weight and its impact on your health? Understanding your Body Mass Index (BMI) can help you see if your weight is in a healthy range. The best part is, calculating your BMI is easy! With a BMI calculator, you can quickly see where you stand and what actions to take. Let’s explore this helpful tool that lets you make better choices for your health!
  • What is BMI?
⦿ BMI, or Body Mass Index, is a number calculated from your weight and height. It helps you see if your weight is healthy for your body type.
 
⦿ To calculate it, divide your weight in kilograms by your height in meters squared. This gives an idea of how much body fat you have compared to your size.
 
⦿ While BMI is useful, it doesn’t cover everything about health. Things like muscle, bone density, and where fat is stored also matter. So, BMI is just one part of understanding your overall health.
  • BMI Chart
Below is the BMI chart provides a detailed Body Mass Index (BMI) that visually represents BMI values based on a person’s height and weight.
BMI-Chart

What is a BMI Calculator?

⦿ A BMI Calculator is a tool used to calculate your body mass index. This simple formula helps you check if your weight is healthy for your height. It uses measurements like your weight in kilograms and height in meters.
 
⦿ The calculator gives quick results, showing your BMI in categories like underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. It’s easy to use, available online or in apps.
 
⦿ Using this tool can be helpful for tracking your health over time. Many people use it to learn more about their well-being without needing complex medical tests.

Why Use a BMI Calculator?

⦿ Using a BMI calculator gives you a quick look at your health status. It’s a simple tool that only needs your height and weight to check if you’re in a healthy weight range. This ease of use makes it available to everyone.
 
⦿ Tracking changes over time is important for understanding your body. Regular BMI checks help spot trends, which can inspire healthier choices.
 
⦿ Knowing your BMI also helps when talking to healthcare providers about potential health risks or actions you might need to take. It’s more than just numbers—it’s about taking charge of your health and making smart decisions for your lifestyle.

How to Calculate BMI?

Calculating your BMI is simple and helps you understand if your weight falls within a healthy range. Follow these steps to determine your BMI accurately.
  • Gather your measurements
⦿ Weight in kilograms (kg): If you have your weight in pounds, convert it by dividing the number by 2.205.
 
⦿ Height in meters (m): If your height is in inches, convert it by dividing the number by 39.37.
  • Use the BMI formula
BMI = weight (kg) / (height (m))²
  • Example calculation
⦿ If you weigh 70 kg and are 1.75 m tall, the formula would be:
    • BMI = 70 / (1.75 × 1.75)
    • Result: BMI = 22.86

How to Use the BMI Calculator?

Using a BMI calculator is easy and fast.

⦿ Start by gathering your height and weight. Make sure to use the correct units—metric (kilograms and meters) or imperial (pounds and inches).

⦿ Then, enter your details into the calculator. Most online calculators have fields for both height and weight. After entering the information, click the calculate button.

⦿ Your BMI will appear along with an explanation of what it means. This can help you know if you’re in a healthy range or if lifestyle changes are needed based on your BMI result.

BMI Ranges

BMI is divided into five main categories to help determine if a person’s weight is healthy. These categories are based on the relationship between weight and height. The categories are:
  • Underweight
A BMI under 18.5 means a person is underweight and may need to gain weight for better health.
  • Normal weight
A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered healthy and reflects a good balance between height and weight.
  • Overweight
A BMI between 25 and 29.9 suggests excess weight, which may increase the risk of health problems.
  • Obesity
A BMI between 30 and 35 shows obesity, which raises the risk of conditions like heart disease and diabetes.
  • Severe obesity
A BMI above 35 is severe obesity, significantly increasing the risk of serious health issues.

BMI Table & Chart For Adults

This is the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guideline for healthy body weight, based on BMI values for adults. It applies to both men and women aged 20 and above.
Classification BMI Range (kg/m²)
Severe Thinness < 16
Moderate Thinness 16 - 17
Mild Thinness 17 - 18.5
Normal 18.5 - 25
Overweight 25 - 30
Obese Class I 30 - 35
Obese Class II 35 - 40
Obese Class III > 40
Here is a BMI chart for adults, showing the relationship between height (in meters) and weight (in kilograms). The chart categorizes different BMI ranges:
BMI chart for adults

BMI Table & Chart For Children and Teens

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends using BMI categories to assess the weight of children and teens aged 2 to 20.
Category Percentile Range
Underweight < 5%
Healthy weight 5% - 85%
At risk of overweight 85% - 95%
Overweight > 95%
This is a BMI-for-age percentile chart for boys aged 2 to 20 years. It shows the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th, and 95th percentiles. The chart helps you see how BMI typically changes as boys grow, with each curve representing a different percentile based on age.
BMI for age percentile chart for boys
This is a BMI-for-age percentile chart for girls aged 2 to 20 years. It shows the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th, and 95th percentiles. The chart helps you understand how BMI changes as girls grow, with each curve representing a different percentile according to their age.
BMI for age percentile chart for girls

Health Risks Related to Being Overweight

Being overweight can significantly affect your overall health, increasing the risk of various health problems. Some common risks include: 
  • Heart disease
  • High blood pressure
  • Stroke
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Sleep apnea and breathing difficulties
  • Joint pressure leading to osteoarthritis
  • Cancers like breast, colon, and endometrial
  • Fatty liver disease
  • Gallbladder disease
  • Hormonal imbalances impacting fertility and periods
  • Kidney disease
  • GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux disease)
  • Breathing issues and reduced lung function
  • Mental health problems such as anxiety and depression
  • Skin issues like infections and rashes

Health Risks Related to Being Underweight

Being underweight can also pose significant health challenges, often leading to deficiencies and other complications. Below are some of the most common health risks associated with being underweight.
  • Risk of malnutrition
  • Weak immune system and frequent infections
  • Osteoporosis and bone fractures due to low bone density
  • Anemia and iron deficiency
  • Fertility problems and irregular periods
  • Fatigue and low energy levels
  • Hair loss and brittle nails
  • Muscle weakness and reduced muscle mass
  • Vitamin deficiencies such as vitamin D and calcium
  • Delayed wound healing
  • Heart problems like low blood pressure and irregular heartbeat
  • Risk of hypothermia due to low body fat
  • Digestive issues like bloating and constipation
  • Mental health problems such as anxiety and depression
  • Complications during surgery or recovery

Tips for Maintaining Optimum Health

  • Follow a balanced diet with nutrient-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
  • Stay hydrated to keep your body functioning well.
  • Include regular exercise in your routine, aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity each week.
  • Choose exercises you enjoy, such as walking or cycling, to stay consistent.
  • Manage stress with practices like meditation or yoga for better emotional health.
  • Get enough sleep to maintain energy and support cognitive function.

Limitations of BMI (Body Mass Index)

⦿ No distinction between muscle and fat: BMI doesn’t separate lean muscle from body fat, which can misclassify muscular individuals.

⦿ Ignores fat distribution: It doesn’t consider where fat is stored, missing health risks related to abdominal fat.

⦿ Not suitable for all populations: Its accuracy can vary for older adults, children, and different ethnic groups.

⦿ Excludes other health indicators: BMI doesn’t factor in important health aspects like blood pressure, cholesterol, or blood sugar.

⦿ No consideration for age and gender: It doesn’t adjust for natural differences in body composition based on age or gender.

What is the BMI formula?

⦿ The Body Mass Index (BMI) formula is simple and helps assess your weight in relation to your height. To calculate your BMI, divide your weight in kilograms by the square of your height in meters. The formula is: BMI = weight (kg) / (height (m))².
⦿ If you prefer using pounds and inches, the alternative formula involves multiplying your weight in pounds by 703 and then dividing by the square of your height in inches.
⦿ Either method quickly estimates whether you fall under the categories of underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese.
 
Below are examples of how to calculate BMI using both units for a 6’0″, 180-pound individual.
Body Mass Index BMI formula
This calculation shows that a person who is 6’0″ and weighs 180 pounds has a BMI of 24.4, which falls within the normal weight range.

What is the BMI prime formula?

⦿ The BMI prime formula is a variation of the standard BMI calculation, offering a simpler way to assess weight in relation to height. This makes it easier for some people to understand their body composition.
 
⦿ It divides your BMI by 25, representing the upper limit of the normal weight range. The result shows how far you are from this healthy threshold.
 
⦿ For example, if your BMI is 30, dividing it by 25 gives a BMI prime of 1.2. This number can help guide weight management and health goals.
 
BMI prime is a dimensionless ratio of two BMI values. A BMI prime below 0.74 indicates underweight, 0.74 to 1 is normal, above 1 is overweight, and over 1.2 is classified as obese. The table below shows weight classifications based on BMI prime:
Classification BMI BMI Prime
Severe Thinness < 16 < 0.64
Moderate Thinness 16 - 17 0.64 - 0.68
Mild Thinness 17 - 18.5 0.68 - 0.74
Normal 18.5 - 25 0.74 - 1
Overweight 25 - 30 1 - 1.2
Obese Class I 30 - 35 1.2 - 1.4
Obese Class II 35 - 40 1.4 - 1.6
Obese Class III > 40 > 1.6

What is Ponderal Index?

⦿ The Ponderal Index (PI) is another measurement, similar to BMI, that helps assess body type based on height and weight. The main difference is that PI uses height cubed, unlike BMI, which uses height squared. While BMI works well for large groups, it may not accurately reflect an individual’s body composition, especially for people who are very tall or short.
 
⦿ PI is often more accurate for measuring leanness or body fat in these cases where BMI might give misleading results.
Ponderal Index PI
For example, for a person who is 6’0″ (72 inches) tall and weighs 180 lbs (81.65 kg), the Ponderal Index is 12.7. This provides an alternative way to assess body mass in relation to height.

Frequently Asked Questions

A BMI Calculator calculates your Body Mass Index using your weight and height. It helps you assess whether you're in a healthy weight range for your height.
To use a BMI calculator, simply input your weight and height. The calculator will give you your BMI, showing if you're underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese.

BMI provides a general view of health, but it doesn’t account for muscle mass or fat distribution. It’s helpful as part of a wider health assessment.

A BMI of 25 means you’re classified as overweight, which may increase the risk of various health problems like heart disease and high blood pressure.

A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered healthy. This indicates that your weight is in a range that’s linked to better overall health and lower disease risks.

Yes, BMI is used for children, but it’s adjusted for age and gender. Percentiles help to determine if a child is underweight, normal weight, or overweight.

BMI helps assess if you're at a healthy weight for your height, which is crucial for reducing risks of chronic conditions like heart disease and diabetes.

BMI cannot determine your body fat percentage. It only provides a weight-to-height ratio and doesn’t account for muscle versus fat.

If you’re muscular, your BMI might place you in the overweight or obese category. This is because BMI doesn’t differentiate between muscle and fat.

While BMI can be used for older adults, it might not accurately reflect health due to muscle loss and fat gain with age. It’s important to use additional health measures.

Dr Harsh Shah Robotic Cancer Surgeon

Dr. Harsh Shah

MS, MCh (G I cancer Surgeon)

Dr Harsh Shah is a well known GI & HPB Robotic Cancer Surgeon in ahmedabad. He treats cancers of esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, colon, rectum & small intestines. He is available at Apollo Hospital.

Last Updated on 3 weeks by Dr Harsh Shah

कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर / क्या आपको पेट में अनियमित दर्द होता है?

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कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर

क्या आपको पेट में अनियमित दर्द होता है? यह आंतों से जुड़े कैंसर का संकेत हो सकता है।

Home > Blogs > Colon Cancer > Overview > कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर

क्या आपने कभी सोचा है कि कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर (Colorectal Cancer) क्या है और यह आपके शरीर को कैसे प्रभावित करता है? चलिए इस लेख में हम इस बीमारी के महत्वपूर्ण विवरण को सरल और आसान भाषा में समझते हैं, 
 
जिसमें इसके कारण, लक्षण, निदान, और उपचार शामिल हैं। कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर एक गंभीर बीमारी है, लेकिन इसे जल्दी पहचानने पर अक्सर सफलतापूर्वक इलाज किया जा सकता है।
ગુજરાતી માં વાંચો
Read in English

सारांश

कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर तब होता है जब कोलन (colon) या रेक्टम (rectum) में असामान्य (abnormal) कोशिकाएं नियंत्रित से बाहर बढ़ने लगती हैं, जिससे ट्यूमर (tumor) बनता है। यह मल के तरीके (bowel habits) में बदलाव, मल में रक्त (blood in the stool), और पेट में दर्द (stomach pain) पैदा कर सकता है। इस बीमारी का पता स्क्रीनिंग परीक्षणों (screening tests) के माध्यम से लगाया जा सकता है और इससे सर्जरी (surgery), कीमोथेरेपी (chemotherapy), या रेडियेशन (radiation) के साथ उपचार किया जा सकता है, यह इस पर निर्भर करता है कि यह किस चरण (stage) में है।
  • कारण
कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर एक संयोजन (combination) के कारण विकसित हो सकता है, जिसमें आनुवंशिक (genetic) कारण, उम्र (age), और जीवनशैली (lifestyle) विफल शामिल हैं। कुछ सामान्य कारणों में अधिक लाल मांस (red meat) खाना, व्यायाम (exercise) न करना, और पारिवारिक इतिहास (family history) शामिल हैं।
  • लक्षण
लक्षणों में अक्सर मल के तरीकों में बदलाव, मल में रक्त, बिना कारण वजन कम होना, पेट में दर्द, और थकान (fatigue) शामिल होते हैं।
  • निदान
डॉक्टर कोलोन और रेक्टल कैंसर का निदान कोलोनोस्कोपी (colonoscopy), बायोप्सी (biopsy), और रक्त परीक्षण (blood tests) जैसे परीक्षणों के माध्यम से करते हैं। इसे जल्दी पहचानना सफल उपचार के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।
कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर

तथ्य (Facts)

और जानें (Know More)

लक्षण (Symptoms)

  • मल के तरीकों में बदलाव
  • मल में रक्त
  • बिना कारण वजन कम होना
  • पेट में दर्द
  • कमज़ोरी या थकान
  • लगातार दस्त या कब्ज
  • ऐसा महसूस होना कि मल पूरी तरह से नहीं निकल रहा
  • पेट में ऐंठन या सूजन
  • पतला मल
  • मलाशय से रक्तस्राव
और पढ़ेंबंध करे

कारण (Causes)

  • उम्र (Age 50 वर्ष से अधिक)
  • पारिवारिक इतिहास (Family History)
  • रेड या प्रोसेस्ड मीट में उच्च आहार
  • कम फाइबर आहार
  • निष्क्रिय जीवनशैली
  • इंफ्लेमेटरी बाउल डिजीज
  • मोटापा (Obesity)
  • धूम्रपान (Smoking)
  • भारी शराब का सेवन
  • टाइप 2 डायबिटीज
और पढ़ेंबंध करे

निदान (Diagnosis)

  • कोलोनोस्कोपी
  • बायोप्सी
  • फिकल ऑकुल्ट ब्लड टेस्ट
  • सीटी कोलोनोग्राफी
  • फ्लेक्सिबल सिग्मॉइडोस्कोपी
  • रक्त परीक्षण
  • स्कूल डीएनए टेस्ट
  • इमेजिंग टेस्ट्स
  • कार्सिनोएंब्रायोनिक एंटीजेन टेस्ट
  • डिजिटल रेक्टल परीक्षा
और पढ़ेंबंध करे

उपचार (Treatments)

  • सर्जरी
  • कीमोथेरेपी
  • रेडियेशन थेरेपी
  • टार्गेटेड थेरेपी
  • इम्यूनोथेरेपी
  • अब्लेशन या एम्बोलाइजेशन प्रक्रियाएं
  • रोबोटिक सर्जरी
  • पैलियटिव केयर
  • क्लिनिकल ट्रायल्स
  • जीवनशैली में बदलाव
और पढ़ेंबंध करे

उपचार विकल्प और परिणाम तालिका

कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर (colorectal cancer) के विभिन्न उपचार विकल्पों को समझना मरीजों और स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदाताओं दोनों के लिए आवश्यक है। यह तालिका मुख्य उपचारों, उनके उपयोगों (uses), सामान्य साइड इफेक्ट्स (common side effects), और अपेक्षित परिणामों (expected outcomes) की जानकारी प्रदान करती है ताकि निश्चित निर्णय लेने में मदद मिल सके।
उपचार विकल्प (Treatment Option) उपयोग (Uses) सामान्य साइड इफेक्ट्स (Common Side Effects) अधिकृत परिणाम (Expected Outcomes)
सर्जरी (Surgery) कैंसरयुक्त ऊतक को हटाना दर्द, संक्रमण, रक्तस्राव कैंसर को हटाने में सफलता, लक्षणों में राहत
कीमोथेरेपी (Chemotherapy) कैंसर कोशिकाओं (cancer cells) को नष्ट करना थकान, मितली, बाल झड़ना कैंसर कोशिकाओं की संख्या में कमी, ट्यूमर का छोटा होना
रेडिएशन थेरेपी (Radiation Therapy) उच्च-ऊर्जा बीमों से कैंसर कोशिकाओं को मारना त्वचा में जलन, थकान, प्रभावित अंगों में सूजन ट्यूमर का सिकुड़ना, कैंसर के फैलाव को रोकना
टार्गेटेड थेरेपी (Targeted Therapy) विशिष्ट कैंसर कोशिकाओं को लक्षित करना त्वचा समस्याएँ, उच्च रक्तचाप, थकान सामान्य कोशिकाओं को कम नुकसान, कैंसर कोशिकाओं पर प्रभावी
इम्यूनोथेरेपी (Immunotherapy) इम्यून सिस्टम (immune system) को कैंसर कोशिकाओं से लड़ने में मदद करना थकान, त्वचा पर चकत्ते, फ्लू-जैसे लक्षण इम्यून सिस्टम की क्षमता में वृद्धि, कैंसर की वृद्धि में कमी

अपने डॉक्टर से पूछने के लिए प्रश्न

  • मेरी उम्र और जोखिम कारकों के लिए कौन से स्क्रीनिंग परीक्षण (screening tests) उपयुक्त हैं?
  • आपके द्वारा सुझाए गए उपचार (treatment) के दुष्प्रभाव (side effects) क्या हैं?
  • मैं कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर के विकास के जोखिम (risk) को कैसे कम कर सकता हूँ?
  • यदि मुझे निदान (diagnosis) होता है, तो क्या मेरे परिवार के सदस्यों का परीक्षण करवाना चाहिए?
  • मेरी रिकवरी को समर्थन देने के लिए मैं कौन से जीवनशैली (lifestyle) परिवर्तन कर सकता हूँ?

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्नों

कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर (colorectal cancer) का पारिवारिक इतिहास होने पर 50 वर्ष से अधिक उम्र के लोगों के लिए कोलोनोस्कोपी (colonoscopy) की सिफारिश की जाती है। यदि आपको मलाशय से रक्तस्राव (rectal bleeding), लगातार पेट दर्द (persistent abdominal pain), या अस्पष्टीकृत वजन घटाने (unexplained weight loss) जैसे लक्षण हैं, तो भी कोलोनोस्कोपी की सलाह दी जाती है।
हां, कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर वंशानुगत (hereditary) हो सकता है। पारिवारिक एडेनोमेटस पॉलीपोसिस (familial adenomatous polyposis - FAP) या लिंच सिंड्रोम (Lynch syndrome) जैसी स्थितियाँ जोखिम (risk) को बढ़ाती हैं, इसलिए यदि आपके पास बृहदान्त्र कैंसर (colon cancer) का पारिवारिक इतिहास है, तो पहले की उम्र में स्क्रीनिंग (screening) की सलाह दी जा सकती है।
कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर कभी-कभी पीठ दर्द (back pain) का कारण बन सकता है, खासकर अगर यह आस-पास के अंगों या रीढ़ की हड्डी (spine) में फैलता है। हालांकि, पीठ दर्द एक सामान्य प्रारंभिक लक्षण (early symptom) नहीं है और आमतौर पर अधिक उन्नत चरणों (advanced stages) में होता है।
हां, कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर का इलाज (treatment) किया जा सकता है, खासकर अगर जल्दी पता चल जाए। उपचार के विकल्पों में सर्जरी (surgery), कीमोथेरेपी (chemotherapy), रेडिएशन थेरेपी (radiation therapy), और कभी-कभी कैंसर के चरण (stage) के आधार पर टारगेटेड (targeted) या इम्यूनोथेरेपी (immunotherapy) शामिल हैं।
बृहदान्त्र कैंसर (colon cancer) बड़ी आंत (large intestine) में स्थित होता है, जिसमें बृहदान्त्र (colon) और मलाशय (rectum) शामिल होते हैं। यह बृहदान्त्र के विभिन्न भागों में हो सकता है, जैसे कि आरोही (ascending), अनुप्रस्थ (transverse), अवरोही (descending), या सिग्मॉइड (sigmoid) बृहदान्त्र।
भारत में बृहदान्त्र कैंसर अधिक आम होता जा रहा है, हालांकि यह अभी भी पश्चिमी देशों (Western countries) की तुलना में कम प्रचलित है। बृहदान्त्र कैंसर की बढ़ती दर को आहार (diet), जीवन शैली (lifestyle), और उम्र बढ़ने वाली आबादी (aging population) में बदलाव से जोड़ा गया है।
बृहदान्त्र और मलाशय का कैंसर समान हैं लेकिन बिल्कुल एक जैसे नहीं हैं। दोनों कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर (colorectal cancer) के प्रकार हैं, लेकिन बृहदान्त्र कैंसर बड़ी आंत (large intestine) को प्रभावित करता है, जबकि मलाशय का कैंसर (rectal cancer) आंत के अंतिम कई इंच (last several inches of the intestine) में होता है।
बृहदान्त्र कैंसर आमतौर पर कई वर्षों (many years) में विकसित होता है, जो बृहदान्त्र अस्तर (colon lining) में छोटे सौम्य पॉलीप्स (benign polyps) के रूप में शुरू होता है। ये पॉलीप्स धीरे-धीरे 10 से 15 वर्षों में कैंसर (cancer) में बदल सकते हैं, यही कारण है कि नियमित जांच (regular screening) महत्वपूर्ण है।
कोलोरेक्टल कैंसर तब विकसित होता है जब बृहदान्त्र (colon) या मलाशय (rectum) में कोशिकाएं असामान्य (abnormally) रूप से बढ़ती हैं और पॉलीप्स (polyps) बनाती हैं। समय के साथ, ये पॉलीप्स कैंसरग्रस्त (cancerous) हो सकते हैं, अक्सर आनुवंशिक उत्परिवर्तन (genetic mutations), जीवन शैली के कारकों (lifestyle factors), या वंशानुगत जोखिमों (inherited risks) के कारण।
Dr Harsh Shah Robotic Cancer Surgeon

डॉ हर्ष शाह

MS, MCh (G I cancer Surgeon)

डॉ. हर्ष शाह अहमदाबाद के एक प्रसिद्ध जीआई और एचपीबी रोबोटिक कैंसर सर्जन हैं। वे भोजन नली, पेट, लीवर, पैंक्रियास, बड़ी आंत, मलाशय और छोटी आंत के कैंसर का इलाज करते हैं। वे अपोलो अस्पताल में उपलब्ध हैं।

Last Updated on 3 weeks by Dr Harsh Shah

Colorectal Cancer / Abdominal Pain? It Could Be a Sign of Intestinal Cancer.

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Colorectal Cancer

Abdominal Pain? It Could Be a Sign of Intestinal Cancer.

Home > Blogs > Colon Cancer > Overview > Colorectal Cancer

Have you ever wondered what colorectal cancer (Colon and Rectal Cancer) is and how it affects your body? In this blog, we’ll explain everything you need to know in simple words, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Colorectal cancer is serious, but if detected early, it can often be treated successfully.
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Summary

Colorectal cancer happens when abnormal cells in the colon or rectum grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. It can cause changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, and stomach pain. The condition can be diagnosed with screening tests and treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation, depending on its stage.
  • Causes
Colorectal cancer can develop due to a mix of genetic factors, age, and lifestyle choices. Common causes include a diet high in red meat, lack of exercise, and family history.
  • Symptoms
Symptoms often include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, and fatigue.
  • Diagnosis
Doctors diagnose colorectal cancer using tests like colonoscopy, biopsy, and blood tests. Early detection is important for successful treatment.
Colorectal Cancer

Facts

Know More

Symptoms

  • Changes in Bowel Movements
  • Blood in Stool
  • Unexplained Weight Loss
  • Abdominal Pain
  • Tiredness or Weakness
  • Long-term Diarrhea or Constipation
  • Feeling Like the Bowel Isn’t Empty
  • Cramping or Bloating
  • Thin Stools
  • Rectal Bleeding
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Causes

  • Age (50 and Above)
  • Family History
  • High Consumption of Red or Processed Meat
  • Low Fiber Intake
  • Lack of Physical Activity
  • Chronic Bowel Inflammation (IBD)
  • Overweight or Obesity
  • Tobacco Use
  • Excessive Alcohol Consumption
  • Type 2 Diabetes
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Diagnosis

  • Colonoscopy
  • Biopsy
  • Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)
  • CT Colonography
  • Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
  • Blood Tests
  • Stool DNA Test
  • Imaging Tests (CT, MRI)
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Test
  • Digital Rectal Exam
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Treatments

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation Therapy
  • Targeted Therapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Ablation or Embolization Procedures
  • Robotic Surgery
  • Palliative Care
  • Clinical Trials
  • Lifestyle Changes (Diet and Exercise)
Read MoreRead Less

Treatment Options and Outcomes

Understanding the different treatment options for colorectal cancer is important for both patients and healthcare providers. This table explains the main treatments, their uses, common side effects, and expected outcomes.
Treatment Indications Common Side Effects Expected Outcomes
Surgery Early-stage cancer, localized tumors Pain, infection, bowel changes Potentially curative if localized
Chemotherapy Advanced or metastatic cancer Nausea, fatigue, hair loss Can shrink tumors, prolong survival
Radiation Therapy Rectal cancer or inoperable tumors Skin irritation, fatigue, bowel issues Tumor shrinkage, symptom control
Targeted Therapy Advanced cancer with specific mutations Diarrhea, high blood pressure, fatigue Tumor control, slow progression
Immunotherapy Advanced cancer with immune markers Immune-related side effects (inflammation) Long-term tumor control in some patients

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

  • What screening tests are appropriate for my age and risk factors?
  • What are the side effects of the treatments you recommend?
  • How can I lower my risk of developing colorectal cancer?
  • Should my family members be tested if I am diagnosed?
  • What lifestyle changes can I make to support my recovery?

Frequently Asked Questions

Colonoscopy is recommended for individuals over 50 or earlier if there's a family history of colorectal cancer. It’s also suggested if you have symptoms such as rectal bleeding, persistent abdominal pain, or unexplained weight loss.
Yes, colorectal cancer can be inherited. Conditions like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Lynch syndrome increase the risk. If there’s a family history of colon cancer, early screening may be advised.
Colorectal cancer can lead to back pain, particularly if it spreads to surrounding organs or the spine. However, back pain typically occurs in advanced stages and is not an early symptom.
Yes, colorectal cancer is treatable, especially when detected early. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and sometimes targeted therapy or immunotherapy, depending on the stage of cancer.
Colon cancer occurs in the large intestine, which includes both the colon and the rectum. It can develop in any part of the colon, such as the ascending, transverse, descending, or sigmoid colon.
Colon cancer is becoming more common in India, though still less frequent than in Western countries. The rise in cases is linked to changes in diet, lifestyle, and the aging population.
Colon and rectal cancers are both types of colorectal cancer but are distinct. Colon cancer affects the large intestine, while rectal cancer affects the last part of the intestine (the rectum).
Colon cancer usually develops over many years, starting as small benign polyps. These polyps can slowly turn into cancer over 10 to 15 years, which is why regular screening is important.
Colorectal cancer develops when cells in the colon or rectum grow abnormally and form polyps. Over time, these polyps can become cancerous, often due to genetic changes, lifestyle factors, or inherited risks.
Dr Harsh Shah Robotic Cancer Surgeon

Dr. Harsh Shah

MS, MCh (G I cancer Surgeon)

Dr Harsh Shah is a well known GI & HPB Robotic Cancer Surgeon in ahmedabad. He treats cancers of esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, colon, rectum & small intestines. He is available at Apollo Hospital.

Last Updated on 3 weeks by Dr Harsh Shah

The Role of Yoga in Managing Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review

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Yoga has been increasingly recognized as a potential complementary treatment for various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. A recent systematic review, published in Neurogastroenterology & Motility, explored its efficacy, examining studies involving patients with different GI conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis, chronic pancreatitis, and gastrointestinal cancers.

Summary of Findings
The review evaluated 12 eligible studies out of 1,275 articles, focusing on the impact of yoga across a spectrum of GI conditions. Notably, yoga interventions were generally compared to control groups across these studies. Key findings included:

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Yoga was effective in reducing symptom severity, improving mood-related symptoms, and enhancing quality of life compared to controls.
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): One study showed that yoga significantly improved the quality of life in patients with IBD.
  • Gastrointestinal Cancer: Yoga helped reduce sleep disturbances and mood-related symptoms in two studies involving cancer patients.
  • Chronic Pancreatitis: Evidence suggested improvements in quality of life, stress levels, and reductions in alcohol dependence and appetite issues.

Safety and Recommendations
The studies reviewed reported yoga as generally safe, with no significant adverse events. Despite these promising outcomes, the authors highlighted methodological limitations and heterogeneity in the reviewed studies, underscoring the need for more rigorous trials to confirm yoga’s effectiveness across a broader range of GI conditions.
For healthcare providers, integrating yoga as an adjunct therapy may be beneficial for selected GI conditions, but further evidence is essential to establish standardized protocols.
For more information, please refer to the full article: https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.14915.

Association Between Obesity and Malignant Progression of Barrett’s Esophagus

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Recent evidence highlights a significant relationship between obesity and the malignant progression of Barrett’s esophagus (BE), specifically towards high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined 20 studies involving over 38,500 patients, aiming to determine whether increased body mass index (BMI) correlates with a heightened risk of developing HGD or EAC in BE patients. The findings provide important implications for risk stratification and clinical management of BE patients.

Key Findings:

  1. Dose-Response Relationship: The analysis found a dose-response association between obesity and the progression of BE. Each 5 kg/m² increase in BMI was associated with a 6% increased risk of malignant progression (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.10). This highlights the potential role of obesity as a modifiable risk factor in BE management.
  2. Impact on Clinical Practice: Given the relationship between BMI and progression to cancer, incorporating weight management strategies could potentially improve patient outcomes. Obesity has been implicated not only as a risk factor for BE but also in the progression from non-dysplastic BE to EAC. Clinicians should consider weight reduction and lifestyle modifications as part of a comprehensive strategy to lower cancer risks in BE patients.
  3. Gender and Progression Rates: Data indicated no significant difference in the progression rate between males and females. However, obesity appears to have an equal impact on both genders regarding the likelihood of progression from BE to cancer.
  4. Underlying Mechanisms: Several mechanisms might explain the connection between obesity and cancer progression, including increased gastroesophageal reflux, chronic inflammation, and hormonal changes linked to visceral adiposity. These mechanisms may promote the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence in the esophagus.
  5. Clinical Implications and Future Research: This study suggests that obesity should be considered in risk prediction models for patients with BE. Surveillance strategies might be refined to target patients with higher BMI for more frequent monitoring. Future research should explore the effect of central obesity and other metabolic factors beyond BMI to better understand their roles in BE progression.

These findings underscore the importance of addressing obesity in the prevention and management of esophageal cancer. By adopting targeted weight management programs, clinicians can help reduce the overall risk of malignancy in patients with BE, potentially altering the natural course of this pre-cancerous condition.

For further details, the full study can be accessed via the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.07.041.

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Dr Harsh Shah - GI & HPB Oncosurgeon in Ahmeadbad
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